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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first-line treatment for ADHD. They have a long track record of robust response, good tolerance, and safety over the lifespan. However, it's important to find the right dosage and medication that eases your or your child's symptoms without side effects. This may require a lot of trial and error, as well as a constant communication with your physician. Stimulants Stimulants are substances that boost activity in the central nervous system. They are frequently used for performance enhancement and cognitive enhancers by students, athletes, artists, and workers. They also serve to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, and some anxiety disorders. The most popular stimulant drugs are methylphenidates and amphetamines. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in immediate-release and extended-release formulas. Immediate-release medications are usually taken every 4 hours as needed. If they are not taken as often they can cause an abrupt and brief decrease in energy. The crash can trigger extreme hunger, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase heart rate and blood pressure for some people, particularly those who don't eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release its active ingredients over the course of 8-16 hours. This type of medication can be prescribed by your doctor if you are looking for long-lasting relief from symptoms without taking tablets several times per day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate drugs. Daytrana is a long-acting methylphenidate product that adheres to your skin like a bandage and is able to last for the entire day. This type of medication is often prescribed to adults with ADHD who need a daily dose that lasts longer than the immediate-release options. The use of stimulants doesn't solve ADHD However, they can aid in managing symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one with each other. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters within the brain, such as dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. how to treat adhd without medication in adults allows more neurotransmitters be released and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more effectively transmitted and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors may prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants prescribed by doctors for ADHD work on the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are an excellent choice for people suffering from anxiety or depression. These medications are often combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Your doctor can change between stimulant and non-stimulant medication in the event that your current medication isn't working or has an unacceptably adverse effects. Long-acting Stimulants aid in the treatment of 70% to 80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They reduce symptoms such as fidgeting, talking over others and losing focus during conversations or in tasks. They also enhance social skills and job performance. The stimulant medication begins to work as soon as it crosses the blood-brain boundaries that can take 45 to 60 minutes. They increase the levels of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in brain cells, which decreases the intensity of impulses and hyperactivity. A stimulant drug that is FDA-approved uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). Stimulants can cause side effects such as stomach upset, loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate as well as headaches, nervousness or anxiety. They can also cause tics to become worse and may cause sleep problems in some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) can be used throughout the night and day unlike the short-acting drugs that last just a few hours. They can also aid with other disorders like depression or anxiety. These medicines work by altering the way that your body regulates chemical known as monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine in the brain, along with other neurotransmitters. These chemicals remain in the body for longer if not broken down. This can impact your behavior and even your thinking. Long-acting medication can have fewer negative effects. Your doctor may prescribe smaller doses, which you can take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available in extended-release form that you can take daily. Some adults may prefer this option however, it is important to remember to take your stimulants each day. Other medications have been proven to be effective for many adults with ADHD which includes selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These are usually used to treat anxiety or depression however, they can be prescribed for ADHD, and about 70% of people respond. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin, is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was found to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can have severe side effects like ringing in the ears, anxiety, and changes to vision and lung and heart function in certain people. Short-acting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These two chemicals assist people to manage their behavior and stay focused. They are available in many forms, and each comes with its own brand name, such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two main kinds of stimulant drugs, methylphenidates and amphetamines. All have similar effects, however their duration of action differs. The methylphenidates produce less lasting effects and can last up to three hours, whereas the amphetamines have longer-lasting effects. Some people tolerate stimulant medications better than others, which is why your doctor may prescribe them. It is crucial to know as much as you can about the medication. This includes any adverse effects, the frequency at which it should be taken, and any warnings. This will help you and your physician decide on the right medication for you. These medications can also cause adverse side effects, such as insomnia, or a decrease in appetite. If these occur consult your physician about altering the dosage or using other medications. Adults suffering from ADHD who don't respond well to stimulants can be treated with nonstimulant medications. These drugs take longer to effect but can improve the ability to pay attention and manage impulses. These medications can be prescribed on their own or in conjunction with stimulants. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree, is the first. It works by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex, which regulates the behavior. Guanfacine, also referred to as Intuniv, belongs to the class of drugs known as alpha-agonists. These work by blocking the absorption of these brain chemicals and increasing their concentration in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was developed to treat high blood pressure, but it also has been proven to aid people suffering from ADHD. Combinations There are many drug combinations used by people with ADHD. These include stimulants with depressant type drugs like the guanfacine and clonidine. These drugs can be calming for the brain, and can reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behaviour. They can also prevent the withdrawal symptoms caused by stimulants. However, this combination can be risky if utilized correctly. Serotonin Syndrome is a drug emergency which occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. The risks of taking this medication are more pronounced for people with pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Young adults and teenagers are increasingly using stimulant combinations. These drugs, which are available in pharmacies, are sometimes known as “legal highs”. They are also sold on the black market. These substances can be dangerous particularly when combined with alcohol or other substances. This is referred to as polydrug use, and is extremely risky. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable consequences, such as an increased heart rate, slowed breathing, hallucinations, paranoia, seizures and addiction. A study found that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy when treating ADHD. Combining medication increased compliance and allowed patients to achieve more symptom relief than monotherapy. A majority of patients, however, stopped their treatment due to side effects. In a few instances, the medication was discontinued because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be the result of a poor diagnosis, or a lack of access to medications. Nonstimulants can also be used to treat ADHD. These drugs improve attention span and impulse control, but they don't work as effectively as stimulants. They are also less likely to block growth and reduce appetite. Certain antidepressants may also be prescribed for ADHD. However they have a less chance of improving focus and concentration. Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to produce better results than either drug by itself. The combination of these two medications was found to increase adherence and decrease the risk of adverse reactions in a majority of people. The combination also proved effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination could be a viable solution for children suffering from severe ADHD.